Builtins

Get-Help和Help:

get-help查看帮助信息,help分页查看帮助信息,man是help的别名

命令说明:

Get-Help
Help

查看所有命令和概念:

Get-Help *
Help *

模糊查找命令和概念:

Get-Help *<name>*
Help *<name>*

查看具体命令帮助:

Get-Help {<CmdletName> | <TopicName>}
Help {<CmdletName> | <TopicName>}
<CmdletName> -?

get-help/help的选项:

get-help get-help
-examples # 查看示例
-full # 查看所有帮助
-parameter # 查看选项的帮助
-detailed # 查看详细信息
-online # 打开文档中的link
-showwindow # 用窗口打开

Helpfile

3.0/4.0 需要先下载帮助手册:

update-help

所有helpfile:

Get-Help/Help about_*

查看具体helpfile:

Get-Help/Help about_<name>

Cmdlets

cmdlets是powershell的内置命令,类型是System.Management.Automation.CmdletInfo

cmdlets的方法:

Equals
GetHashCode
GetType
ToString

cmdlets的属性:

CommandType
DefaultParameterSet
Definition
HelpFile
ImplementingType
Module
ModuleName
Name
Noun
OutputType
Parameters
ParameterSets
PSSnapln
Verb
Visibility
DLL
HelpUri

常用cmdlets命令:

Get-Command -CommandType cmdlet # 查看所有cmdlet

Get-Command
Invoke-Command
Measure-Command
Show-Command
Trace-Command

Get-Service
New-Service
Restart-Service
Resume-Service
Set-Service
Stop-Service
Suspend-Service

Get-Process
Debug-Process
Start-Process
Stop-Process
Wait-Process

Get-Member  # 查看属性
Add-Member

Get-Host
Read-Host
Write-Host
Out-Host

Out-Default
Out-File    # 重定向,也可以用>, >>
Out-GridView
Out-Null
Out-Printer
Out-String

Write-Debug
Write-Error
Write-EventLog
Write-Output
Write-Progress
Write-Verbose
Write-Warning

Function

powershell内置函数

Get-Command -CommandType function # 查看所有function
ls function:

所有function:

prompt
TabExpansion2
Clear-Host
more
help
mkdir
Get-Verb
oss
cd..
cd\
ImportSystemModules
Pause
A:
...
Z:
Get-FileHash

Alias

powershell内置别名

Get-Command -CommandType alias # 查看所有alias
dir alias: # 查看所有alias
ls alias: | where {$_.Definition.Startswith("Start")}

Get-Alias # 查看所有alias
Set-Alias
New-Alias
Import-Alias
Export-Alias

常用alias:

ForEach-Object    %/foreach
Where-Object    ?/where
Select-Object    select
Compare-Object    compare/diff
Tee-Object    tee
Sort-Object    sort

Set-Location    cd/chdir/sl
Get-Location    pwd/gl

Clear-Content    clc
Get-Content    cat/type/gc

Clear-History    clhy
Get-History    h/history/ghy
Invoke-History    ihy/r

Clear-Variable    clv
Set-Variable    set/sv

Clear-Item    cli
Clear-ItemProperty    clp
Copy-Item    copy/cp/cpi
Remove-Item    del/erase/rd/ri/rm/rmdir
Move-Item    mv/move/mi
Get-ChildItem    dir/ls/gci

Get-Process    ps/gps
Stop-Process    kill/spps
Start-Process    start/saps

Clear-Host    clear/cls

Write-Output    echo/write

New-PSDrive    mount

Invoke-WebRequest    curl/wget

Start-Sleep    sleep

help    man
mkdir    md

Provider

provider相关cmdlet:

Get-PSProvider # 查看provider
Get-PSDrive    # 查看驱动器
New-PSDrive    # 新建驱动器
Remove-PSDrive    # 删除驱动器

所有provider:

# 这三个驱动器可以用ls或dir直接查看内容
ls alias:
dir function:
Alias   # 别名驱动器
Function    # 函数驱动器
Variable    # 变量驱动器

# 这三个驱动器需要具体的驱动器,然后cd进去查看
FileSystem    # 文件系统驱动器
Environment
Registry

help/get-help <provider_name>    # 查看provider帮助

object

object主要通过管道|使用。

object相关的cmdlet:

Compare-Object
ForEach-Object
Group-Object
Measure-Object
New-Object
Select-Object
Sort-Object
Tee-Object
Where-Object

object转化:

get-command -verb *convert*
...

导出object:

get-command -verb *export*
...

导入object:

get-command -verb *import*
...

module

Get-Module
get-module -listavailable # 查找安装的模块
Import-Module
import-module sqlps # 导入第三方mssql模块
get-command -module sqlps # 查看模块中所有命令
New-Module
Remove-Module

format

安装路径有一些xml文件已经做了一些默认的格式化。

格式化的数据只能传给Out-File/out-host/out-printer/out-null/out-string/out-default.

Export-FormatData
Get-FormatData
Update-FormatData
Format-Custom
Format-List
Format-Table
Format-Wide
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